Research on economics, history, and tech @Ryan_Research | Special focus on Ireland

Based in United States
Just dropped an eBook/PDF of “Money by Vile Means.” Nowhere else will you get: - What Bitcoin actually is (why it's corrupted) - Debunked myths of decentralization - Hidden stablecoin endgame = shadow central banking If you're tired of the hype, grab it now. (link below)
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“[OpenAI] might turn out to be the WeWork of AI” - @GaryMarcus
New pod in your feed this morning! Dan sat down with @RealJimChanos and @GaryMarcus to talk all things AI, data center financing, agentic systems, animal spirits and p(doom) scenarios 🎙️🤖 YouTube: piped.video/g9KdLg9sTX4 Apple: apple.co/4xFzz5v Spotify: tinyurl.com/yfcsh2c8
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“the dissaving driven economy”
Rising share of HH net transferring money from securities account to pay for daily expenses in recent years, particularly at the top end. All ages, not just boomers. Clear example of the dissaving driven economy. jpmorganchase.com/institute/…
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Just finished this and surprised to learn that Fukuyama has been building his own computers and coding his own software for decades
NEW ODD LOTS: What @FukuyamaFrancis sees at the end of history. @tracyalloway and I talk to the famed author and political scientist about what he’s learned in his long career and what comes after liberalism. open.spotify.com/episode/1gq…
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One of the more interesting stablecoin papers of the year
😳 "Because reserve assets leave the estate the moment they back a coin, a distressed firm can issue stablecoins to subordinate its existing creditors, hollow out the value a future administrator would need, and, when the firm is a bank, shift losses onto the deposit insurer and potentially the taxpayer. We call this stablecoin-on-creditor violence, drawing an analogy with the phenomenon of creditor-on-creditor violence that began with the 2016 J. Crew dropdown." Wow
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Interesting book
And who says MBAs are worthless? They are absolutely adding value to their companies and to themselves!
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Between - Humans who form emotional attachments to models. - Safetyists who argue we need to treat a model "as if" it has moral status. - Reseachers working to establish empirically that models feel "pain" etc. I am VERY bullish on 'AI welfare' being a major culture war issue.
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Peter Ryan retweeted
New pod in your feed this morning! Dan sat down with @RealJimChanos and @GaryMarcus to talk all things AI, data center financing, agentic systems, animal spirits and p(doom) scenarios 🎙️🤖 YouTube: piped.video/g9KdLg9sTX4 Apple: apple.co/4xFzz5v Spotify: tinyurl.com/yfcsh2c8
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Peter Ryan retweeted
Can a productivity boom push down inflation? A new analysis examines this question using historical industry-level data bit.ly/4hceGKh
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As the neoliberal era gives way to the multipolar era, does the tech platform economic model still hold up? Can tech platforms' need to globalize for growth still operate in a context of more nationalist protectionism?
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Peter Ryan retweeted
SEC staff say a crypto project announcing a token buyback is not, on its own, promising the kind of managerial effort that makes a token a security, as long as the network already works. Buybacks pitched as yield on an unfinished network could still cross the line. unchainedcrypto.com/sec-staf…
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“Stochastic parrot”
It seems that a lot of people decided, “stochastic parrot“ is an insult that suggests that LLMs aren’t useful or impressive and since LLMs are useful and impressive it must not be the case that “stochastic parrot“ is accurate. But both things can be (and seemingly are) true.
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Interesting
Zhang and Zimmerman argue that The GENIUS Act permits firms to subject a firm's existing creditors (including the FDIC and taxpayers if the firm is a bank) to a functional dropdown by just issuing a stablecoin immediately prior to filing for bankruptcy:
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Turns out young people consider data centers “mostly bad” more than old people.
How do Americans feel about data centers? 🤖 The U.S. public has grown more negative toward the possible effects of data centers since the beginning of the year. Around half of Americans now say data centers are mostly bad for the environment, home energy costs and people’s quality of life nearby. #DataCenters
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New Irish stats on data center water use correspond to my report’s findings. “This is equivalent to the total direct water consumption of some 340,600 homes or 18.5 per cent of occupied dwellings in the State, based on 2022 Census figures.”
1/ I wrote everything you ever wanted to know about data centers and their water usage. Turns out data centers use much more water than tech bros would have you believe. Read the full essay below or catch the highlights in this thread.
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If you are in the Irish government and thinking through data center policy, my report is a must read
1/ I wrote everything you ever wanted to know about data centers and their water usage. Turns out data centers use much more water than tech bros would have you believe. Read the full essay below or catch the highlights in this thread.
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Peter Ryan retweeted
AI's concentration risk: "Top 10% of customers account for 99.5% of model-serving spend and 99% of neocloud spend, leaving the bottom 90% of firms with 0.5% and 1%...The bottom line is that adoption is broadening while the spending base is not, and AI infrastructure will keep depending on a small set of heavy spenders until the tail scales up." This is certainly evidence of the technology's immaturity—over time the spending base will expand as more companies figure out how to effectively integrate AI to unlock operational value. However, it's also evidence that adoption challenges are far more persistent than the model builders anticipated. I quoted Sam Altman on this in my recent report on "The AI Trade" (sageroadresearch.com/product…): "The economy just has so much inertia. People just keep doing the same things. They keep buying from the same company. They keep using their tools in the same way. I think that’s actually a positive in many ways. It’s going to make this big transition in front of us go smoother and slower. But I think it means we’ve all been too ambitious on timelines." It's not just about inertia. AI is still plagued by its weaknesses, from hallucination to agentic workflows breaking down midstream. But to the inertia point, AI puts unprecedented transformational demands on enterprises. As I warned in my December report on "GenAI & Productivity" (sageroadresearch.com/product…): "As much attention was paid to the headline 95% failure estimate by MIT researchers, their explanation for that failure rate was likely a more important long-term consideration in understanding when and how companies will realize productivity gains from genAI. To quote the researchers: “The dominant barrier to crossing the GenAI Divide is not integration or budget, it is organizational design.” McKinsey is delivering a similar message: “Building a business for the agentic age will require a fundamental rewiring of how the business operates, innovates, and protects sources of value creation.” Deloitte is saying much the same: “This is not about adding another tool; it’s about fundamentally rethinking how work gets done from the top down.” It's difficult to look at modern history and identify an enabling technology that demanded the depth and speed of organizational transformation being suggested for genAI today." For all of AI's capabilities, there is no path to ~$2.5t in annual AI revenue (the estimatdd amount required to offset CAPEX) unless the vast majority of enterprises become relative "heavy spenders" on a manageable timeline. Instead, the tail is elongating slowly while evidence mounts that today's "heavy spenders" are pulling back their spending. According to Ramp data, the top 1% of spenders, the cohort that drives ~80% of OpenAI and Anthropic’s enterprise revenue, cut per-employee spend by nearly 10% in August. Chart link: apollo.com/wealth/insights-n…
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Interesting
"Megaprojects like data centers not only provide opportunities for employment, but continuous work. Landing a job on a data center construction project is a trades worker’s equivalent of hitting the lottery. The daily routine of going to work at the same location for months or even years is a welcome alternative to the less secure short- and medium-term job hopping that characterizes much of construction." Mark Erlich on the appeal of the data center boom for building trades unions— and its risks. phenomenalworld.org/analysis…
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Largest stablecoin provider btw
Bank accounts of a Montana-based payments business working on behalf of Tether and Bitfinex have been seized by federal prosecutors who accuse it of making hundreds of millions of dollars of illegal transfers. ft.trib.al/ccHALdt
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Did you know that Google’s proxies sued journalists for 13 months to prevent their data centers’ water usag being reported. They lost and were forced to reveal their own stats for the first time ever. Turns out they made up 29% of all 2021 city water use. Then in 2025: 40%.
Replying to @_PeterRyan
19/ Another case study of localized impacts of data centers on water usage was Google’s data centers in The Dalles, Oregon. In 2021, Google’s The Dalles data centers used 355 million gallons of water or 29 percent of all city water. Local residents felt that “Google’s become a water vampire.” Google planned to build more data centers but wouldn’t reveal its water usage to the public which generated “intense controversy.” Google’s water consumption records were only revealed after a 13-month legal fight between city attorneys and The Oregonian/OregonLive news group. The city sued the journalists in order to prevent them from publishing Google’s water use information arguing that Google’s water use was a “trade secret.” The city, and by proxy Google, lost. In a 2022 settlement, the city “agreed to provide public access to 10 years of historical data on Google’s water use and to honor future records requests.” In addition, the city and Google agreed to pay large amounts to related journalist organizations. This lawsuit led to Google disclosing its data center water use for the first time in The Dalles and globally. As of 2026, OregonLive reported “Google’s data centers gulped down nearly 550 million gallons of water in The Dalles in 2025. That’s nearly 40% of all the water consumed in the entire city.” Additionally, Google refuses to reveal its forecasted water consumption at its The Dalles data centers despite the prior settlement. OregonLive noted the city’s 2024 water master plan suggests that “most or all” of the city’s doubling in business water consumption by 2034 will come from Google’s data centers, while residential water consumption will remain relatively flat. For additional context, this water allocation debate was compounded by The Dalles’ persistent droughts. ryanresearch.substack.com/p/…
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