SandboxAQ Essential Concepts – Drug Discovery: Small Molecules and Biologics
Small molecules are exactly what they sound like: relatively small, chemically synthesized compounds. Their size allows them to cross cell membranes, making them especially useful for reaching targets inside cells. Many familiar medicines, from aspirin to statins and antibiotics, fall into this category.
Biologics are much larger and more complex. Produced by living cells, they include antibodies, insulin, mRNA vaccines, and nanobodies. While their size generally keeps them outside cells, biologics can target cell-surface and extracellular proteins with high precision.
Neither approach is inherently better. The biology of the target determines which modality makes the most sense, and some of the most difficult targets require new ways of designing and evaluating candidates.
SandboxAQ’s Large Quantitative Models (LQMs) use AI grounded in physics to help design, screen, rank, and optimize candidates across both small molecules and biologics. The goal: expand what’s possible in drug discovery and find promising candidates faster.
Small molecules and biologics are complementary tools. Choosing the right one is only the beginning. Learn more below.