If you assume the three AVA6103 dose levels were split evenly over the last c.six months,
#AVCT will have scanned the first cohort three times; the second cohort twice; the third cohort once by this juncture.
The dose levels used were 1.5mg, 3mg, 4.5mg, respectively.
These levels were chosen so that the absolute quantity of toxin administered is roughly the same as the absolute payload quantities patients received at the lower end of the Enhertu dose-escalation range.
Remember Enhertu has a drug to antibody (DAR) ratio of 8:1 and DXd is not Exatecan, so it’s not a simple comparison. But Avacta is designing their trial around Enhertu’s P1a purposefully. They want to draw comparisons to those absolute ‘absolute levels’:
“The first three dose levels are similar to the absolute payload dose levels in the published Enhertu® Phase 1 trial (Doi, et al. 2017)”
That trial (DS8201-A-J101) was the first test of Enhertu.
It took Daiichi just over a year to dose 24 patients. 23 of those 24 patients were evaluable.
AVA6103 has dosed 19 patients in ~5.5 months. Tier 1 pharma would be impressed by this speed. Going at near double the speed of Daiichi Sankyo.
Those P1a Enhertu patients had either advanced breast or gastric/gastro-oesophageal cancer.
x3 patients each at 0.8, 1.6, 3.2, and 8.0 mg/kg;
x6 patients each at 5.4 and 6.4 mg/kg.
No dose-limiting toxicities occurred, and the maximum tolerated dose was never reached.
If you look at these P1a results from Enhertu you will see efficacy which met objective response criteria (i.e. a complete response or partial response) was almost non-existent below the 5.4mg dose. Just one partial response occurred (at 3.2mg).
However, you will also see the disease stabilisation which occurred at those lower dosing levels (<5.4mg) was very good with just 2/23 disease progressions amongst the very sick patient population, even at these lower doses.
Now consider the indications AVA6103 is in and the stage those patients are at.
Then consider in some of the indications AVA6103 is going after (eg pancreatic) Enhertu simply didn’t work, no matter how high the dose or how strong the HER2 IHC reading.
NB: Enhertu did not dose pancreatic in P1a, it attempted it later (once it had confirmed activity in other indications).
So, if your comparison is ‘what did Enhertu do’ (as Avacta’s is) they will want to be seeing consistent disease stabilisation amongst the lower dosing cohorts of AVA6103, in order to be sure the platform is working and you have a read across.
Without disease stabilisation amongst the lower cohorts, you have no idea whether your PK is translating to efficacy, which is what matters.
Enhertu saw 9 of its 10 P1a objective responses achieved at >5.4mg. These were all Partial Responses, no Complete Responses occurred.
Now consider AVA6103 doesn’t plan on reaching the equivalent approved Enhertu payload equivalent until DL5.
As they escalate AVCT expect to see a dose-response relationship.
So what is “preCISION enabled Exatecan” aka AVA6103 actually doing before it gets to DL5 (given Enhertu did not start to see any partial responses (bar one at 3.2mg) until 5.4mg+)?
Let’s not forget BOIN enables grater jumps if the safety is good (which it is) yet AVCT do not intend to jump to the Enhertu R2PD equivalent until DL5.
Why aren’t they utilising this freedom, given how good the safety is? After all, that’s what BOIN is for.
AVCT knows its masking via the peptide works. The initial safety findings have been consistent and superb. They want to know if the drug is efficacious (at this early stage).
This is where “dose density” comes into play and, crucially, where the company sees the impact of preCISION’s mechanism of action on efficacy at lower dosing levels (vs Enhertu).
This is where AVCT start to see the technology truly differentiate. Note DL3 has seen no drop outs and impeccable safety since it began dosing.