To Hildegard of Bingen, the cosmos was not only above you. It was inside you.
Hildegard of Bingen, a 12th-century German abbess and mystic, described creation as a network of interacting forces. Fire, ether, air and the cosmic winds were not isolated phenomena. They belonged to a single order governing the heavens, nature and life on Earth.
She carried this logic into the human body. The cosmic winds had counterparts in the humors and bodily processes. The same pattern extended into the soul, where thought, speech, will and inner longing were understood as forms of movement and force.
This shaped her understanding of health. The body was healthy when its forces remained in the right measure and relationship. Her idea of viriditas described the life-giving vitality that allows creation to grow and flourish, linking the vitality of nature with human health and spiritual flourishing.
The same order also had a moral dimension. Human beings could live in harmony with creation or disrupt that harmony. Physical, spiritual and moral disorder could therefore belong to the same larger framework, without reducing every illness to punishment for sin.
Only then does her central idea become clear. The human being was the microcosm, the small world, reflecting the macrocosm, the greater universe. The structure of creation was reproduced in the body and soul.
Christ completed this picture. God became human, making humanity a meeting point between the material world, the soul and the divine. That makes the spherical Earth almost a side detail. Hildegard was not merely asking where Earth sits in the cosmos. She was asking how the entire cosmos, the human being and God belong to one order.
Image source:
“The Creation with the Universe and the Cosmic Man” (1230), Hildegard of Bingen.
Source: Wikimedia Commons, Biblioteca Statale di Lucca.
Version checked: 23 January 2005.
License checked: 13 September 2026 - Public Domain (Public Domain Mark 1.0).
“Werk Gottes” (1163–1173), Hildegard of Bingen.
Source: Wikimedia Commons, Codex Latinus 1942, Biblioteca Statale di Lucca. Version checked: 3 February 2015. License checked: 13 September 2026 - Public Domain / Public Domain Mark 1.0.