Basic Unit: Cell vs UTXO
A BTC UTXO represents the leftover funds after a transaction. If Alice sends 4 BTC to Bob from her 5 BTC, two new UTXOs are created: Bob gets a 4 BTC UTXO, and Alice retains a 0.999 BTC UTXO, with the difference going to miners as a transaction fee. UTXOs contain a single lock, the scriptPubKey, dictating the conditions for spending.
Cells in CKB offer greater flexibility than UTXOs, capable of storing various data types including cryptocurrency, images, videos, and codes. Each Cell has:
• Lock Script: defines spending conditions, similar to Bitcoin's `scriptPubKey`.
• Type Script (Optional): defines conditions for Cell transformation or state transitions.