The impact of AI on young workers has traced two radically different curves in China and the United States.
In the US, the employment rate for software developers aged 22–25 has plunged nearly 20%. A report from Anthropic reveals that 75% of developers' daily tasks can now be handled by AI, turning younger workers into the first wave of victims replaced by the technology. Last year saw 55,000 AI-related layoffs nationwide, and 53% of Americans now worry that they or their family members might lose their jobs.
In China, new job postings in autonomous driving and robotics have surged 28-fold compared to early 2024. Tencent announced plans to expand its internship intake by 28,000 over three years, while AI-related positions accounted for nearly half of Alibaba's spring campus recruitment. According to PwC data, China added 90,000 new AI application-focused jobs in a single year, marking a 50.8% increase.
The difference lies not in AI itself, but in a society's "absorptive capacity."
The US is experiencing a "shock first, adapt later" pattern—AI has already begun directly replacing large numbers of entry-level white-collar workers, driving social anxiety well ahead of any policy response. China, by contrast, operates on a "develop while cushioning" model—authorities position AI as a job creator, tech giants expand hiring, new professions emerge, and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security steps in directly to offer targeted training programs.
As a result, the fortunes of young people in both countries are beginning to diverge.
Young Americans are hearing: "Your job is being eaten by AI." Young Chinese are hearing: "Hurry over, we can't fill these AI roles fast enough."
This is not a debate over which model is superior. Rather, it illustrates that AI's disruption of employment is far from evenly distributed—it hinges on a society's industrial structure, the agility of its policy responses, and whether it has sufficient growth sectors to absorb displaced workers.
The only certainty is this: young professionals had better speak both languages and understand both markets.
Because while AI knows no borders, job markets certainly do.