The Unreasonable Ineffectiveness of EAs
I've been an Effective Altruist for over 10 years now. Watching EAs repeatedly faceplant in public has been tough. I still agree with the philosophy of Effective Altruism—my main problem with EA is not the ideas, but the people. Not the altruism, but the effectiveness.
When I first discovered Effective Altruism at 23, it was a nascent movement of philosophers and extremely online people shaping a new moral discourse. Their conversations were invigorating—ideas that were not being explored anywhere else. These ideas were grounded in one central insight: that most people were not thinking deeply enough about how to do good.
Later in my career, I became a venture capitalist, investing in early stage tech founders. I imagined I'd be backing a lot of EAs out of an affinity for the movement. But that never happened.
I realized what many people eventually realize: most EA types suck at actually doing things.
EA has since become vilified in tech circles, likened to Communism, Luddism, Randianism, and a cover for Neoliberal technocracy. EA has become so embroiled in this tech new culture war that it's become impossible to speak across the aisle to its detractors.
So let me be clear: when I say I agree with EA, I mean the philosophy. Not the organizations, not the figureheads—the ideas. Since EA was conscripted into this new culture war, most people no longer connect Effective Altruism with its actual tenets. The caricature is that EA is all about degrowth, technological deceleration, or shrill safetyism.
The clearest definition of EA is laid out on its Wikipedia page. Since I know you won't read it, the philosophy of Effective Altruism boils down to five principles:
* Impartiality: the well-being of everyone counts equally
* Cause neutrality: no altruistic cause is intrinsically better than any other
* Marginal analysis: there are big differences in the marginal impact of some interventions over others
* Counterfactual reasoning: if it would've happened anyway, you didn't actually do anything of moral consequence
* Demandingness: being truly moral demands more than society normally expects from you
That's EA. That's what I agree with. If you agree with this, you also agree with EA.
But then there's the core "EA community." This core is about 7,000 people, mostly in the SF Bay Area and OxBridge. (There are probably >50,000 people who are EAs, but they are not part of this core.)
When commentators refer to EAs, they are picturing this core group. These people are known for their neurotic scruples. They valorize obsessive epistemological hygiene, long self-critical blog posts, and endless anxious introspection for audiences of purely other EA types. A significant portion of this core community is on the autistic spectrum.
I think this subculture is unhealthy and ultimately undermines its own goals.
I'm not one of these people. I mean, I am in that I've lived in the Bay Area, met many core EA types, and I have a few treasured friends who I met through the early days of EA. But I do not primarily affiliate with "EA types." I've been donating a significant portion of my income since 2015, but I don't talk about it incessantly. I don't demand anyone in my company do the same. I don't accuse other people of not being effective in their donations. I do what I do because I became convinced that with all the privileges I've had, that this is the right way to live my life.
When critics liken Effective Altruism to a modern cult of Pythagoras, what they miss is that most actual EAs are not polyamorous programmers conspiring to ban open source LLMs. Most EAs are ordinary professionals supporting diverse causes with their donations—global health, animal welfare charities, politics, AI, and bio risk research. The core "EA types" are, in absolute terms, a small number of people.
But my main problem with the "core EA" group is not that they are ill-intentioned or even misguided.
My problem with them is that they are incompetent.
Why are they incompetent? It's puzzling. 10 years ago, the EA community looked like an incredibly bright group of young, energetic do-gooders. I was sure that EAs would end up having a big positive impact on the world.
Enter SBF.
SBF is now painted as the apotheosis of EA—the quintessential nerd robbing his customers to donate more bednets. And if that's what happened, that would indeed be a chilling morality tale. But after learning the truth of what really happened at FTX, what sticks out is not SBF's calculating coldness, but rather his stunning incompetence. This was not a Robin Hood stealing from his customers to give to EA charities—he gave less than 1% of his purported wealth to any charities at all.
So what did he do with all the money he was stealing?
He lost it all gambling on crypto shitcoins! He ran an exchange, but he couldn't even keep his own corporate books straight! He thought older people were idiots so he hired a bunch of kids to run his business and fed them stimulants! Even after his company was underwater, he was investing in startups and donating to politicians! What's striking about FTX is not that SBF was a ruthless utilitarian—what's striking is how grossly incompetent he was at running a real business. Imagine what damage SBF's fraud might have wrought if he had the ability to keep any of it going.
EA should revere competence, because competence is a prerequisite for effectiveness.
Take the OpenAI mutiny (of which details are still murky, but we now have the rough picture). What's the common thread between SBF and the OpenAI mutiny? It's not that they were both single-mindedly optimizing for altruistic outcomes. Rather, what they share is that they were both incompetent. They didn't understand business. They didn't understand how to work with people or navigate politics. They were unable to build stable coalitions.
Squirreling away to argue on forums about how everyone else is foolishly misallocating resources is not good preparation on how to change the world.
If you are an EA, my advice: don't only surround yourself with other EAs. Learn the core philosophy—the ideas are good and directionally correct! But don't linger too long. Effectiveness comes from being able to move through the world, communicate effectively, and bridge between domains.
Develop competence!
It occurs to me—my frustration must be similar to how epidemiologists felt during COVID.
Epidemiology is correct. As a field, they're the only people who have spent their lives understanding the spread of diseases. So when shit went down and the world looked around and said—hey you, you seem to know about pandemics, you know how to drive this thing? Epidemiology took the keys and then promptly crashed the car.
That's how I feel about EA.
I don't see EA as a utopian project. No single philosophy can answer every question. EA is rather a marginalist project—it extends morality a little bit farther forward, but the details are up to the rest of us to fill in.
EA has an important place in the world. Most people could still stand to be a little more EA in their lives.
But if the world ever throws EA the keys, we should look around and ask if anyone else knows how to drive.
@slatestarcodex @sapinker @jeremyphoward @willmacaskill