As you know, last year I resigned from my full-time job and become a professional technical book writer. I have plans for The Hundred-Page Books about reinforcement learning, computer vision, diffusion models, and more. Not having a full-time job has put a significant strain on my savings, so if you love my books and are waiting for more, I would appreciate your continuous support. I have finalized the offer for those who financially support me. Here's what I offer: - As a Cool Supporter 10 🚀 ($10/month), you will get early access to new book chapters, exclusive updates on what to really care about in AI and why (only the important stuff, no hype), and a free e-book copy of all new books. - As a Cool Supporter 30 🚀 ($30/month), you will get everything a Cool Supporter 10 🚀 gets, plus a signed hard copy of all new books. The names of all Cool Supporters 🚀 will be mentioned in the Acknowledgment section of the new books as important contributors. Your name, printed in the book, will remain in history forever! If you decide to become a Cool Supporter 🚀, you can choose from several platforms. Here's the list: linktr.ee/burkov If you choose Substack, you will also get a subscription to a weekly AI newsletter without ads.

That's pathetic. Audi in Europe tries to block the sales of its own cars made for the Chinese market because those are cheaper and better quality than those it officially sells to European customers. How long will Europeans accept being taken for fools while the house is burning?

Psychology (2nd edition) by Rose M. Spielman, William J. Jenkins, and Marilyn D. Lovett (2024) is now in @ChapterPal's collection. The book serves as an introductory college-level survey designed for undergraduate students, including psychology majors, general education students, and those pursuing allied fields such as nursing or pre-medicine. The textbook assumes no prior specialized knowledge of the discipline. It covers the broad scientific study of mind and behavior, organizing its progression from fundamental research principles and biological systems to complex individual, social, and clinical phenomena. The text begins with historical foundations and empirical research methodologies, moves through neurobiology, states of consciousness, sensation, learning, and cognition, and culminates in lifespan development, personality, social psychology, industrial-organizational psychology, psychological disorders, and therapeutic treatment. Read the book with an AI tutor: chapterpal.com/ebook/6b3f55f… All books on ChapterPal are free to read with a free account. Table of contents: Preface - About *Psychology 2e* - Changes to the Second Edition * Content revisions for clarity, accuracy, and currency * Research replication and validity * Diversity, representation, and inclusion * Accessibility improvements * Pedagogical foundation * Art, interactives, and assessments that engage * Art Attribution in *Psychology 2e* - Additional Resources * Student and Instructor Resources - About the authors * Senior contributing authors * Contributing Authors * Reviewers 1. Introduction to Psychology - 1.1 What Is Psychology? * WHY STUDY PSYCHOLOGY? - 1.2 History of Psychology * Wundt and Structuralism * James and Functionalism * Freud and Psychoanalytic Theory * Wertheimer, Koffka, Köhler, and Gestalt Psychology * Pavlov, Watson, Skinner, and Behaviorism * Maslow, Rogers, and Humanism * The Cognitive Revolution * Multicultural And Cross-Cultural Psychology * WOMEN IN PSYCHOLOGY - 1.3 Contemporary Psychology * Biopsychology and Evolutionary Psychology * Sensation and Perception * Cognitive Psychology * Developmental Psychology * Personality Psychology * Social Psychology * Industrial-Organizational Psychology * Health Psychology * Sport and Exercise Psychology * Clinical Psychology * Forensic Psychology - 1.4 Careers in Psychology * Other Careers in Academic Settings * Career Options Outside of Academic Settings - Key Terms - Summary * 1.1 What Is Psychology? * 1.2 History of Psychology * 1.3 Contemporary Psychology * 1.4 Careers in Psychology - Review Questions - Critical Thinking Questions - Personal Application Questions 2. Psychological Research - 2.1 Why Is Research Important? * Use of Research Information * NOTABLE RESEARCHERS * The Process of Scientific Research - 2.2 Approaches to Research * Clinical or Case Studies * Naturalistic Observation * Surveys * Archival Research * Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional Research - 2.3 Analyzing Findings * Correlational Research * Causality: Conducting Experiments and Using the Data * Reliability and Validity * EVERYDAY CONNECTION - 2.4 Ethics * Research Involving Human Participants * Research Involving Animal Subjects - Key Terms - Summary * 2.1 Why Is Research Important? * 2.2 Approaches to Research * 2.3 Analyzing Findings * 2.4 Ethics - Review Questions - Critical Thinking Questions - Personal Application Questions 3. Biopsychology - 3.1 Human Genetics * Gene-Environment Interactions - 3.2 Cells of the Nervous System * Neuron Structure * Neuronal Communication * Neurotransmitters and Drugs - 3.3 Parts of the Nervous System * Peripheral Nervous System - 3.4 The Brain and Spinal Cord * The Spinal Cord * The Two Hemispheres * Forebrain Structures * Midbrain and Hindbrain Structures * Brain Imaging * Techniques Involving Electrical Activity - 3.5 The Endocrine System * Major Glands - Key Terms - Summary * 3.1 Human Genetics * 3.2 Cells of the Nervous System * 3.3 Parts of the Nervous System * 3.4 The Brain and Spinal Cord * 3.5 The Endocrine System - Review Questions - Critical Thinking Questions - Personal Application Questions 4. States of Consciousness - 4.1 What Is Consciousness? * Biological Rhythms * Problems With Circadian Rhythms * Disruptions of Normal Sleep * Insufficient Sleep - 4.2 Sleep and Why We Sleep * What is Sleep? * Why Do We Sleep? - 4.3 Stages of Sleep * NREM Stages of Sleep * REM Sleep * Dreams - 4.4 Sleep Problems and Disorders * Insomnia * Parasomnias * REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) * Sleep Apnea * Narcolepsy - 4.5 Substance Use and Abuse * Substance Use Disorders * Drug Categories - 4.6 Other States of Consciousness * Hypnosis * Meditation - Key Terms - Summary * 4.1 What Is Consciousness? * 4.2 Sleep and Why We Sleep * 4.3 Stages of Sleep * 4.4 Sleep Problems and Disorders * 4.5 Substance Use and Abuse * 4.6 Other States of Consciousness - Review Questions - Critical Thinking Questions - Personal Application Questions 5. Sensation and Perception - 5.1 Sensation versus Perception * Sensation * Perception - 5.2 Waves and Wavelengths * Amplitude and Wavelength * Light Waves * Sound Waves - 5.3 Vision * Anatomy of the Visual System * Color and Depth Perception * CONNECT THE CONCEPTS - 5.4 Hearing * Anatomy of the Auditory System * Pitch Perception * Sound Localization * Hearing Loss - 5.5 The Other Senses * The Chemical Senses * Touch, Thermoception, and Nociception * The Vestibular Sense, Proprioception, and Kinesthesia - 5.6 Gestalt Principles of Perception - Key Terms - Summary * 5.1 Sensation versus Perception * 5.2 Waves and Wavelengths * 5.3 Vision * 5.4 Hearing * 5.5 The Other Senses * 5.6 Gestalt Principles of Perception - Review Questions - Critical Thinking Questions - Personal Application Questions 6. Learning - 6.1 What Is Learning? - 6.2 Classical Conditioning * Real World Application of Classical Conditioning * General Processes in Classical Conditioning * Behaviorism - 6.3 Operant Conditioning * Reinforcement * Punishment * Primary and Secondary Reinforcers * Reinforcement Schedules * Cognition and Latent Learning - 6.4 Observational Learning (Modeling) * Steps in the Modeling Process - Key Terms - Summary * 6.1 What Is Learning? * 6.2 Classical Conditioning * 6.3 Operant Conditioning * 6.4 Observational Learning (Modeling) - Review Questions - Critical Thinking Questions - Personal Application Questions 7. Thinking and Intelligence - 7.1 What Is Cognition? * Cognition * Concepts and Prototypes * Natural and Artificial Concepts * Schemata - 7.2 Language * Components of Language * Language Development * Language and Thought - 7.3 Problem Solving * Problem-Solving Strategies - 7.4 What Are Intelligence and Creativity? * Classifying Intelligence * Creativity - 7.5 Measures of Intelligence * Measuring Intelligence * The Bell Curve * Why Measure Intelligence? - 7.6 The Source of Intelligence * Learning Objectives * High Intelligence: Nature or Nurture? * What are Learning Disabilities? - Key Terms - Summary * 7.1 What Is Cognition? * 7.2 Language * 7.3 Problem Solving * 7.4 What Are Intelligence and Creativity? * 7.5 Measures of Intelligence * 7.6 The Source of Intelligence - Review Questions - Critical Thinking Questions - Personal Application Questions 8. Memory - 8.1 How Memory Functions * Encoding * Storage * Retrieval - 8.2 Parts of the Brain Involved with Memory * The Amygdala * The Hippocampus * The Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex * Neurotransmitters - 8.3 Problems with Memory * Amnesia * Memory Construction and Reconstruction * Forgetting - 8.4 Ways to Enhance Memory * Memory-Enhancing Strategies * How to Study Effectively - Key Terms - Summary * 8.1 How Memory Functions * 8.2 Parts of the Brain Involved with Memory * 8.3 Problems with Memory * 8.4 Ways to Enhance Memory - Review Questions - Critical Thinking Questions - Personal Application Questions 9. Lifespan Development - 9.1 What Is Lifespan Development? * Issues in Developmental Psychology * Is Development Continuous or Discontinuous? * Is There One Course of Development or Many? * How Do Nature and Nurture Influence Development? - 9.2 Lifespan Theories * Psychosexual Theory of Development * Psychosocial Theory of Development * Cognitive Theory of Development * SOCIOCULTURAL THEORY OF DEVELOPMENT * Moral Theory Of Development - 9.3 Stages of Development * Prenatal Development * Prenatal Influences * Infancy Through Childhood * Self-Concept * Adolescence * Cognitive Development * Adulthood * Cognitive Development - 9.4 Death and Dying - Key Terms - Summary * 9.1 What Is Lifespan Development? * 9.2 Lifespan Theories * 9.3 Stages of Development * 9.4 Death and Dying - Review Questions - Critical Thinking Questions - Personal Application Questions 10. Emotion and Motivation - 10.1 Motivation * Theories About Motivation - 10.2 Hunger and Eating * Physiological Mechanisms * Metabolism and Body Weight * Obesity * Eating Disorders - 10.3 Sexual Behavior, Sexuality, and Gender Identity * Physiological Mechanisms of Sexual Behavior and Motivation * Kinsey’s Research * Masters and Johnson’s Research * Sexual Orientation * Gender Identity * Cultural Factors in Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity - 10.4 Emotion * Theories of Emotion * The Biology of Emotions * Facial Expression and Recognition of Emotions - Key Terms - Summary * 10.1 Motivation * 10.2 Hunger and Eating * 10.3 Sexual Behavior * 10.4 Emotion - Review Questions - Critical Thinking Questions - Personal Application Questions 11. Personality - 11.1 What Is Personality? * Historical Perspectives - 11.2 Freud and the Psychodynamic Perspective * Levels of Consciousness * Defense Mechanisms * Stages of Psychosexual Development - 11.3 Neo-Freudians: Adler, Erikson, Jung, and Horney * Alfred Adler * Erik Erikson * Carl Jung * Karen Horney - 11.4 Learning Approaches * The Behavioral Perspective * The Social-Cognitive Perspective * Julian Rotter and Locus of Control * Walter Mischel and the Person-Situation Debate - 11.5 Humanistic Approaches - 11.6 Biological Approaches * Temperament - 11.7 Trait Theorists - 11.8 Cultural Understandings of Personality * Personality in Individualist and Collectivist Cultures * Approaches to Studying Personality in a Cultural Context - 11.9 Personality Assessment * Self-Report Inventories * Projective Tests - Key Terms - Summary * 11.1 What Is Personality? * 11.2 Freud and the Psychodynamic Perspective * 11.3 Neo-Freudians: Adler, Erikson, Jung, and Horney * 11.4 Learning Approaches * 11.5 Humanistic Approaches * 11.6 Biological Approaches * 11.7 Trait Theorists * 11.8 Cultural Understandings of Personality * 11.9 Personality Assessment - Review Questions - Critical Thinking Questions - Personal Application Questions 12. Social Psychology - 12.1 What Is Social Psychology? * Situational and Dispositional Influences on Behavior * Fundamental Attribution Error * Is the Fundamental Attribution Error a Universal Phenomenon? * Actor-Observer Bias * Self-Serving Bias * Just-World Hypothesis - 12.2 Self-presentation * Social Roles * Social Norms * CONNECT THE CONCEPTS * Scripts * Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Experiment - 12.3 Attitudes and Persuasion * What is Cognitive Dissonance? * Persuasion - 12.4 Conformity, Compliance, and Obedience * Conformity * Stanley Milgram’s Experiment * Groupthink * Group Polarization - 12.5 Prejudice and Discrimination * Understanding Prejudice and Discrimination * Types of Prejudice and Discrimination * Why Do Prejudice and Discrimination Exist? * Stereotypes and Self-Fulfilling Prophecy * In-Groups and Out-Groups - 12.6 Aggression * Aggression * The Bystander Effect - 12.7 Prosocial Behavior * Prosocial Behavior and Altruism * Forming Relationships * Attraction * Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love * Social Exchange Theory - Key Terms - Summary * 12.1 What Is Social Psychology? * 12.2 Self-presentation * 12.3 Attitudes and Persuasion * 12.4 Conformity, Compliance, and Obedience * 12.5 Prejudice and Discrimination * 12.6 Aggression * 12.7 Prosocial Behavior - Review Questions - Critical Thinking Questions - Personal Application Questions 13. Industrial-Organizational Psychology - 13.1 What Is Industrial and Organizational Psychology? * The Historical Development of Industrial and Organizational Psychology * From World War II to Today - 13.2 Industrial Psychology: Selecting and Evaluating Employees * Selecting Employees * Candidate Analysis and Testing * Evaluating Employees * Bias and Protections in Hiring * The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) * Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) - 13.3 Organizational Psychology: The Social Dimension of Work * Job Satisfaction * Work–Family Balance * Management and Organizational Structure * Goals, Teamwork and Work Teams * Organizational Culture * Violence in the Workplace - 13.4 Human Factors Psychology and Workplace Design - Key Terms - Summary * 13.1 What Is Industrial and Organizational Psychology? * 13.2 Industrial Psychology: Selecting and Evaluating Employees * 13.3 Organizational Psychology: The Social Dimension of Work * 13.4 Human Factors Psychology and Workplace Design - Review Questions - Critical Thinking Questions - Personal Application Questions 14. Stress, Lifestyle, and Health - 14.1 What Is Stress? * Good Stress? * The Prevalence of Stress * Early Contributions to the Study of Stress * The Physiological Basis of Stress - 14.2 Stressors * Traumatic Events * Life Changes * Hassles * OCCUPATION-RELATED Stressors - 14.3 Stress and Illness * Psychophysiological Disorders * Stress and the Immune System * Cardiovascular Disorders * Are You Type A or Type B? * Depression and the Heart * Asthma * Headaches - 14.4 Regulation of Stress * Coping Styles * Control and Stress * Social Support * Stress Reduction Techniques - 14.5 The Pursuit of Happiness * Happiness * Positive Psychology * Flow - Key Terms - Summary * 14.1 What Is Stress? * 14.2 Stressors * 14.3 Stress and Illness * 14.4 Regulation of Stress * 14.5 The Pursuit of Happiness - Review Questions - Critical Thinking Questions - Personal Application Questions 15. Psychological Disorders - 15.1 What Are Psychological Disorders? * Definition of a Psychological Disorder * Cultural Expectations * Harmful Dysfunction * The American Psychiatric Association (APA) Definition - 15.2 Diagnosing and Classifying Psychological Disorders * *The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders* (DSM) * The International Classification of Diseases * The Compassionate View of Psychological Disorders - 15.3 Perspectives on Psychological Disorders * Supernatural Perspectives of Psychological Disorders * Biological Perspectives of Psychological Disorders * The Diathesis-Stress Model of Psychological Disorders - 15.4 Anxiety Disorders * Specific Phobia * Acquisition of Phobias Through Learning * Social Anxiety Disorder * Panic Disorder * Generalized Anxiety Disorder - 15.5 Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders * Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder * Body Dysmorphic Disorder * Hoarding Disorder * Causes of OCD - 15.6 Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders * A Broader Definition of PTSD * Risk Factors For PTSD * Support For Sufferers of PTSD * Learning and the Development of PTSD - 15.7 Depressive, Bipolar, and Related Disorders * Major Depressive Disorder * Subtypes of Depression * Bipolar Disorder * The Biological Basis of Mood Disorders * Suicide * Risk Factors For Suicide - 15.9 Dissociative Disorders * Dissociative Amnesia * Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder * Dissociative Identity Disorder - 15.10 Disorders in Childhood * Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder * Autism Spectrum Disorder - 15.11 Personality Disorders * Borderline Personality Disorder * Antisocial Personality Disorder - Key Terms - Summary * 15.1 What Are Psychological Disorders? * 15.2 Diagnosing and Classifying Psychological Disorders * 15.3 Perspectives on Psychological Disorders * 15.4 Anxiety Disorders * 15.5 Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders * 15.6 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder * 15.7 Mood and Related Disorders * 15.8 Schizophrenia * 15.9 Dissociative Disorders * 15.10 Disorders in Childhood * 15.11 Personality Disorders - Review Questions - Critical Thinking Questions - Personal Application Questions 16. Therapy and Treatment - 16.1 Mental Health Treatment: Past and Present * Treatment in the Past * Mental Health Treatment Today - 16.2 Types of Treatment * Psychotherapy Techniques: Psychoanalysis * Psychotherapy: Play Therapy * Psychotherapy: Behavior Therapy * Psychotherapy: Cognitive Therapy * Psychotherapy: Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy * Psychotherapy: Humanistic Therapy * Evaluating Various Forms of Psychotherapy * Biomedical Therapies - 16.3 Treatment Modalities * Individual Therapy * Group Therapy * Couples Therapy * Family Therapy - 16.4 Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders: A Special Case * What Makes Treatment Effective? * Comorbid Disorders - 16.5 The Sociocultural Model and Therapy Utilization * Barriers to Treatment - Key Terms - Summary * 16.1 Mental Health Treatment: Past and Present * 16.2 Types of Treatment * 16.3 Treatment Modalities * 16.4 Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders: A Special Case * 16.5 The Sociocultural Model and Therapy Utilization - Review Questions - Critical Thinking Questions - Personal Application Questions References - Introduction to Psychology - Psychological Research - Biopsychology - States of Consciousness - Sensation and Perception - Learning - Thinking and Intelligence - Memory - Lifespan Development - Emotion and Motivation - Personality - Social Psychology - Industrial-Organizational Psychology - Stress, Lifestyle, and Health - Psychological Disorders - Therapy and Treatment

Making a car tire

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While working in ChapterPal I've built a world's best OCR system that's equally effective for scientific papers and complex technical textbooks. Contrary to what a typical OCR system does: outputs plain text, at best some rudimentary markdown with inconsistent hearing levels, figure and table captions unlinked from the content they describe, and LaTeX code for equations that often don't render or render wrong, my system returns a markdown-based output that can be converted back into the source format without any perceivable loss. If you often need high fidelity OCR that produces a renderable view of the original PDF, reach out to me to show me examples of your documents.

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The Agent-Based Evolutionary Game Dynamics book by Izquierdo, Izquierdo, Sandholm (2024) is now in @ChapterPal's collection. This textbook is designed for students, researchers, and practitioners interested in modeling dynamic social interactions within finite populations. It assumes no prior programming background, providing complete foundational instruction in the NetLogo simulation environment, while offering sufficient analytical depth for experienced modelers. The book focuses on how individual decision-making rules, repeated strategic encounters, and population structures drive collective outcomes over time, establishing a clear connection between microscopic agent behaviors and macroscopic population dynamics. Read the book with an AI tutor: chapterpal.com/ebook/8b02ec7… All books on ChapterPal are free to read with a free account. Table of contents: Dedication Preface - 1. Purpose * Model implementation * Model analysis - 2. Structure of the book and potential courses - 3. Why NetLogo? - 4. One book, many formats - 5. What about the programming and the math? - 6. History of the book and acknowledgments Part I. Introduction I-1. Overview - 1. What is this book about? - 2. How is this book organized? * 2.1. Part I. Introduction * 2.2. Part II. Our first agent-based evolutionary model * 2.3. Part III. Spatial interactions on a grid * 2.4. Part IV. Games on networks * 2.5. Part V. Agent-based models vs ODE (Ordinary Differential Equation) models * 2.6. Appendices I-2. Introduction to evolutionary game theory - 1. What is game theory? - 2. Traditional game theory - 3. Evolutionary game theory * 3.1. The beginnings * 3.2. An interpretation of evolutionary game theory where strategies are *explicitly selected* by individuals * 3.3. Take-home message * 3.4. Relation with other branches - 4. How can I learn game theory? I-3. Introduction to agent-based modeling - 1. What is agent-based modeling? - 2. What is an agent? - 3. A paradigmatic example - 4. Agent-based modeling and evolutionary game theory - 5. How can I learn about agent-based modeling? I-4. Introduction to NetLogo - 1. What is NetLogo? * Easy to learn * Powerful * Excellent documentation * Possibility to interact with the model at runtime * Automatic exploration of parameter space * Open-source and free * Multiplatform and online execution of models * Great support and active user community * Abundance of quality resources * Extensions to fulfill specialised needs * Useful to conduct experiments with real people and for participatory modeling * Happy to link with other software - 2. How to learn NetLogo I-5. The fundamentals of NetLogo - 1. The three tabs - 2. Types of agents - 3. Instructions - 4. Variables * Setting and reading the value of variables - 5. Ask - 6. Lists * Constant lists * Building lists on the fly * Reading and changing list items * Iterating over lists - 7. Agentsets - 8. Synchronization - 9. Consistency within procedures - 10. Breeds - 11. Ticks and Plotting - 12. Skeleton of many NetLogo models - 13. The code for Schelling-Sakoda model Part II. Our first agent-based evolutionary model II-1. Our very first model - 1. Goal - 2. Motivation. Cooperation in social dilemmas - 3. Description of the model - 4. Interface design - 5. Code * 5.1. Initial skeleton of the code * 5.2. Global variables and individually-owned variables * 5.3. Setup procedures * 5.4. Go procedure * 5.5 Other procedures * 5.6. Code in the plots * 5.7. Final fix * 5.8. Complete code in the Code tab - 6. Sample runs - 7. Exercises II-2. Extension to any number of strategies - 1. Goal - 2. Motivation. Rock, paper, scissors - 3. Description of the model - 4. Interface design - 5. Code * 5.1. Skeleton of the code * 5.2. Global variables and individually-owned variables * 5.3. Setup procedures * 5.4. Go procedure * 5.5. Other procedures * 5.6. Complete code in the Code tab * 5.7. Code inside the plots - 6. Sample run - 7. Exercises II-3. Noise and initial conditions - 1. Goal - 2. Motivation. Noise in rock, paper, scissors - 3. Description of the model - 4. Interface design - 5. Code * 5.1. Skeleton of the code * 5.2. Global variables and individually-owned variables * 5.3. Setup procedures * 5.4. Go and other main procedures * 5.5. Complete code in the Code tab - 6. Sample run - 7. Exercises II-4. Interactivity and efficiency - 1. Goal - 2. Motivation. The impact of population size - 3. Description of the model - 4. Interactivity - 5. Efficiency * 5.1. Measuring execution speed of different parts of the code * 5.2. Example of computations that we conduct but do not use * 5.3. Example of computations that we conduct several times when once would do * 5.4. Other tips to improve the efficiency of NetLogo code * 5.5. Take-home message - 6. Complete code in the Code tab - 7. Sample run - 8. Exercises II-5. Analysis of these models - 1. Two complementary approaches - 2. Computer simulation approach - 3. Mathematical analysis approach. Markov chains * 3.1. Markov analysis of 2-strategy evolutionary processes where agents switch strategies sequentially * 3.2. Approximation results - 4. Exercises Part III. Spatial interactions on a grid III-1. Spatial chaos in the Prisoner's Dilemma - 1. Goal - 2. Motivation. Cooperation in spatial settings - 3. Description of the model - 4. Interface design - 5. Code * 5.1. Skeleton of the code * 5.2. Global variables and individually-owned variables * 5.3. Setup procedures * 5.4. Go procedure * 5.5 Other procedures * 5.6. Complete code in the Code tab * 5.7. Code in the plots - 6. Sample runs - 7. Exercises III-2. Robustness and fragility - 1. Goal - 2. Motivation. Robustness of cooperation in spatial settings - 3. Description of the model - 4. Interface design - 5. Code * 5.1. Skeleton of the code * 5.2. Extension I. Adding noise to the decision rule * 5.3. Extension II. Playing the game with yourself or not * 5.4. Extension III. Asynchronous strategy updating * 5.5. Complete code in the Code tab - 6. Sample runs * What happens if we add a bit of noise? * What happens if agents do not play the game with themselves? * What happens if strategy updating is asynchronous, rather than synchronous? * What happens if we use DD-payoff = 0.1? * Discussion - 7. Exercises III-3. Extension to any number of strategies - 1. Goal - 2. Motivation. Spatial Hawk-Dove-Retaliator - 3. Description of the model - 4. Interface design - 5. Code * 5.1. Skeleton of the code * 5.2. Global variables and individually-owned variables * 5.3. Setup procedures * 5.4. Go procedure * 5.5. Other procedures * 5.6. Complete code in the Code tab * 5.7. Code inside the plots - 6. Sample runs - 7. Exercises III-4. Other types of neighborhoods and other decision rules - 1. Goal - 2. Motivation. The impact of decision rules - 3. Description of the model - 4. Interface design - 5. Code * 5.1. Skeleton of the code * 5.2. Extension I. Implementation of different neighborhoods * 5.3. Extension II. Implementation of different decision rules * 5.4. Complete code in the Code tab - 6. Sample runs * 6.1. Decision rules * 6.2. Neighborhoods * 6.3. Discussion - 7. Exercises III-5. Analysis of these models - 1. A much greater state space - 2. Cellular automata - 3. Models more amenable to mathematical analysis. The pair approximation * 3.1. Introduction to the pair approximation * 3.2. Derivation of a pair approximation for regular undirected networks * 3.3. Solving the pair approximation. Examples * 3.4. Discussion - 4. Exercises Part IV. Games on networks IV-1. The nxn game on a random network - 1. Goal - 2. Motivation. A single-optimum coordination game - 3. Description of the model - 4. Interface design - 5. Code * 5.1. Skeleton of the code * 5.2. Extensions, global variables and individually-owned variables * 5.3. Setup procedures * 5.4. Go and other main procedures * 5.5 Other procedures * 5.6. Complete code in the Code tab - 6. Sample runs - 7. Exercises IV-2. Different types of networks - 1. Goal - 2. Motivation. Assessing the significance of network structure - 3. Description of the model - 4. Interface design - 5. Code * 5.1. Skeleton of the code * 5.2. Procedures to create networks * 5.3. Procedure to build-network * 5.4. Procedure to setup-players * 5.5. Other procedures * 5.6. Final fixes * 5.7. Complete code in the Code tab - 6. Sample runs - 7. Exercises IV-3. Implementing network metrics - 1. Goal - 2. Motivation. Reassessing the significance of network structure - 3. Description of the model - 4. Interface design - 5. Code * 5.1. Skeleton of the code * 5.2. Global variables and individually-owned variables * 5.3. Procedure to compute-network-metrics * 5.4. Procedures to compute network metrics * 5.5. Other procedures * 5.6. Complete code in the Code tab - 6. Sample runs - 7. Exercises IV-4. Other ways of computing payoffs and other decision rules - 1. Goal - 2. Motivation. Cooperation on scale-free networks - 3. Description of the model - 4. Interface design - 5. Code * 5.1. Skeleton of the code * 5.2. Extension I. Different ways of computing payoffs * 5.3. Extension II. Different decision rules * 5.4. Complete code in the Code tab - 6. Sample runs * 6.1. Cooperation on preferential-attachment networks * 6.2. Robustness of cooperation on scale-free preferential-attachment networks - 7. Exercises IV-5. Analysis of these models - 1. Introduction - 2. Avoid errors * 2.1. Introduction * 2.2. Floating-point errors - 3. Use informative metrics * 3.1. Metrics * 3.2. Stability of metrics - 4. Report meaningful statistics - 5. Derive sound conclusions - 6. Final thoughts - 7. Exercises Part V. Agent-based models vs ODE models V-1. Introduction V-2. A rather general model for games played in well-mixed populations - 1. Goal - 2. Motivation - 3. Description of the model - 4. Extension I. Implementation of different ways of computing payoffs * 4.1. Skeleton of the code * 4.2. Interface design * 4.3. Code * 4.4. Complete code of Extension I in the Code tab - 5. Extension II. Implementation of different decision rules * 5.1. Skeleton of the code * 5.2. Interface design * 5.3. Code * 5.4. Complete code of Extension II in the Code tab - 6. Exercises V-3. Mean Dynamics - 1. Introduction - 2. The mean dynamic - 3. Derivation of the mean dynamic for different stochastic processes * 3.1. Imitate if better * 3.2. Imitative pairwise-difference * 3.3. Imitative linear attraction * 3.4. Imitative linear dissatisfaction * 3.5. Direct best * 3.6. Direct pairwise-difference * 3.7. Direct positive proportional - 4. Running an agent-based model and solving its mean dynamic at runtime * 4.1. The Euler method to numerically solve ODEs * 4.2. Solving an ODE numerically within NetLogo * 4.3. The influence of population size - 5. Representative simulations together with their mean dynamics - 6. Details matter - 7. Exercises Appendices A-1. Different implementations with the same output - 1. Introduction - 2. Three possible stories behind the same behavior * 2.1. Vose’s alias method * 2.2. Roulette wheel * 2.3. Repeated sampling - 3. Which algorithm should we use? A-2. Legend for code skeletons A-3. Models implemented in this book - In Part I. Introduction * I-3. Introduction to agent-based modeling * I-5. The fundamentals of NetLogo - In Part II. Our first agent-based evolutionary model * II-1. Our very first model * II-2. Extension to any number of strategies * II-3. Noise and initial conditions * II-4. Interactivity and efficiency - In Part III. Spatial interactions on a grid * III-1. Spatial chaos in the Prisoner’s Dilemma * III-2. Robustness and fragility * III-3. Extension to any number of strategies * III-4. Other types of neighborhoods and other decision rules - In Part IV. Games on networks * IV-1. The nxn game on a random network * IV-2. Different types of network * IV-3. Implementing network metrics * IV-4. Other ways of computing payoffs and other decision rules - In Part V. Agent-based models vs ODE models * V-2. A rather general model for games played in well-mixed populations * V-3. Mean Dynamics References

Most Payload Launched: Data from 1957 to 2026 piped.video/watch?v=p6LlBBFT…

A new issue of my weekly AI newsletter is out. GPUs: rent vs buy An agentic data science story [Tool] llm-d: deploy a 753B open model on NVIDIA H100 GPUs, serving thousands of concurrent coding agents at 5-10x lower cost [Explained] Fine-tuning a 350M model for better structured outputs in 100 GRPO steps [Model] DeepSeek-V4.1-Flash is open-wright, supports image files, good for coding, and x20 cheaper compared to as capable closed-weight competition An interactive introduction to Fourier Transforms [Paper] Random Attention: Rethinking KV Cache Eviction for Efficient Reasoning [Book] Physics-Based Deep Learning Book by Thuerey et al. (2026). True Positive Weekly #179 aiweekly.substack.com/p/true…

I see that some took it as a joke. Well, it kind of is in the sense that a single prompt to Codex allowed me to create a viable alternative (both in terms of speed and cost) to a hyped zero-shot classifier. But my Jev-Huyev 1.0 is indeed a fully functioning zero-shot classifier with an under 300 ms response speed and a ridiculous cost per call. And I indeed expect a $1B+ investment to develop version 2.0, which can also classify PDF files—a big deal for corporate clients, a $1T-size market.

The Hundred-Page Language Models Book by Andriy Burkov is on sale on Leanpub! Its suggested price is $50.00; get it for $20.00 with this coupon: leanpub.com/theLMbook/c/Lean… @burkov #ai #gpt #neural_networks #deep_learning #data_science

Up until version 5.5, Claude Code had no troubles using my Mac's terminal. This version refuses to use it and says that it's technically impossible. Codex doesn't have any issue with the terminal. When I tell Claude to stop pretending and see what Codex does, it says that they are not the same. When I say to see the older Claude Code sessions to see that you used the terminal before, it says that was the CLI version that used the terminal. I never used Claude CLI in my life. Fucking moron.

Principles of Mechanics: Fundamental University Physics by Salma Alrasheed (2019) is now in @ChapterPal's collection of free books. This textbook provides an introduction to classical mechanics designed for undergraduate students majoring in physics, engineering, or related scientific disciplines. The scope is centered on non-relativistic, classical mechanics, treating matter from single particles to extended continuous bodies. To engage effectively with the content, readers need a background in elementary calculus and vector algebra, as the text systematically utilizes differential and integral methods to formulate physical laws. Read the book with an AI tutor: chapterpal.com/ebook/c036d32… All books on ChapterPal are free to read with a free account. Table of contents: Preface 1 Units and Vectors - 1.1 Introduction - 1.2 The SI Units - 1.3 Conversion Factors - 1.4 Dimension Analysis - 1.5 Vectors - 1.6 Vector Algebra * 1.6.1 Equality of Two Vectors * 1.6.2 Addition * 1.6.3 Negative of a Vector * 1.6.4 The Zero Vector * 1.6.5 Subtraction of Vectors * 1.6.6 Multiplication of a Vector by a Scalar * 1.6.7 Some Properties * 1.6.8 The Unit Vector * 1.6.9 The Scalar (Dot) Product * 1.6.9.1 Some Properties of the Scalar Product * 1.6.10 The Vector (Cross) Product - 1.7 Coordinate Systems - 1.8 Vectors in Terms of Components * 1.8.1 Rectangular Unit Vectors * 1.8.2 Component Method * 1.8.2.2 Subtraction * 1.8.2.3 Scalar Product * 1.8.2.4 The Angle Between Two Vectors * 1.8.2.5 Perpendicular and Parallel Vectors * 1.8.2.6 Vector Product - 1.8.2.7 Triple Product * Scalar Triple Product * Vector Triple Product - 1.9 Derivatives of Vectors * 1.9.1 Some Rules - 1.9.2 Gradient, Divergence, and Curl * 1.9.2.1 Del * 1.9.2.2 Gradient * 1.9.2.3 Divergence * 1.9.2.4 Curl * 1.9.2.5 Some Identities - 1.10 Integrals of Vectors * 1.10.1 Line Integrals * 1.10.2 Independence of Path - Problems 2 Kinematics - 2.1 Introduction - 2.2 Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration * 2.2.1 Displacement * 2.2.2 Average Speed * 2.2.3 Velocity * 2.2.4 Speed * 2.2.5 Acceleration - 2.3 Motion in Three Dimensions * 2.3.1 Normal and Tangential Components of Acceleration - 2.4 Some Applications * 2.4.1 One-Dimensional Motion with Constant Acceleration * 2.4.2 Free-Falling Objects * 2.4.3 Motion in Two Dimensions with Constant Acceleration * 2.4.4 Projectile Motion * 2.4.5 Uniform Circular Motion * 2.4.6 Nonuniform Circular Motion - 2.5 Relative Velocity - 2.6 Motion in a Plane Using Polar Coordinates - Problems 3 Newton's Laws - 3.1 Introduction * 3.1.1 The Concept of Force * 3.1.2 The Fundamental Forces in Nature - 3.2 Newton’s Laws * 3.2.1 Newton’s First Law * 3.2.2 The Principle of Invariance * 3.2.3 Mass * 3.2.4 Newton’s Second Law * 3.2.5 Newton’s Third Law - 3.3 Some Particular Forces * 3.3.1 Weight * 3.3.2 The Normal Force * 3.3.3 Tension * 3.3.4 Friction * 3.3.5 The Drag Force - 3.4 Applying Newton’s Laws * 3.4.1 Uniform Circular Motion * 3.4.2 Nonuniform Circular Motion - Problems 4 Work and Energy - 4.1 Introduction - 4.2 Work * 4.2.1 Work Done by a Constant Force * 4.2.2 Work Done by Several Forces * 4.2.3 Work Done by a Varying Force - 4.3 Kinetic Energy (KE) and the Work–Energy Theorem * 4.3.1 Work Done by a Spring Force * 4.3.2 Work Done by the Gravitational Force (Weight) * 4.3.3 Power - 4.4 Conservative and Nonconservative Forces * 4.4.1 Potential Energy - 4.5 Conservation of Mechanical Energy * 4.5.1 Changes of the Mechanical Energy of a System due to External Nonconservative Forces * 4.5.2 Friction * 4.5.3 Changes in Mechanical Energy due to Internal Nonconservative Forces * 4.5.4 Changes in Mechanical Energy due to All Forces * 4.5.5 Power * 4.5.6 Energy Diagrams * 4.5.7 Turning Points * 4.5.8 Equilibrium Points * 4.5.9 Positions of Stable Equilibrium * 4.5.10 Positions of Unstable Equilibrium * 4.5.11 Positions of Neutral Equilibrium - Problems 5 Impulse, Momentum, and Collisions - 5.1 Linear Momentum and Collisions - 5.2 Conservation of Linear Momentum - 5.3 Impulse and Momentum - 5.4 Collisions * 5.4.1 Elastic Collisions * 5.4.2 Inelastic Collisions * 5.4.3 Elastic Collision in One Dimension * 5.4.4 Inelastic Collision in One Dimension * 5.4.5 Coefficient of Restitution * 5.4.6 Collision in Two Dimension - 5.5 Torque - 5.6 Angular Momentum * 5.6.1 Newton's Second Law in Angular Form * 5.6.2 Conservation of Angular Momentum - Problems 6 System of Particles - 6.1 System of Particles - 6.2 Discrete and Continuous System of Particles * 6.2.1 Discrete System of Particles * 6.2.2 Continuous System of Particles - 6.3 The Center of Mass of a System of Particles * 6.3.1 Two Particle System * 6.3.2 Discrete System of Particles * 6.3.3 Continuous System of Particles (Extended Object) * 6.3.4 Elastic and Rigid Bodies * 6.3.5 Velocity of the Center of Mass * 6.3.6 Momentum of a System of Particles * 6.3.7 Motion of a System of Particles * 6.3.8 Conservation of Momentum * 6.3.9 Angular Momentum of a System of Particles * 6.3.10 The Total Torque on a System * 6.3.11 The Angular Momentum and the Total External Torque * 6.3.12 Conservation of Angular Momentum * 6.3.13 Kinetic Energy of a System of Particles * 6.3.14 Work * 6.3.15 Work–Energy Theorem * 6.3.16 Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy of a System of Particles * 6.3.17 Impulse - 6.4 Motion Relative to the Center of Mass * 6.4.1 The Total Linear Momentum of a System of Particles Relative to the Center of Mass * 6.4.2 The Total Angular Momentum About the Center of Mass * 6.4.3 The Total Kinetic Energy of a System of Particles About the Center of Mass * 6.4.4 Total Torque on a System of Particles About the Center of Mass of the System * 6.4.5 Collisions and the Center of Mass Frame of Reference - Problems 7 Rotation of Rigid Bodies - 7.1 Rotational Motion - 7.2 The Plane Motion of a Rigid Body * 7.2.1 The Rotational Variables - 7.3 Rotational Motion with Constant Acceleration - 7.4 Vector Relationship Between Angular and Linear Variables - 7.5 Rotational Energy - 7.6 The Parallel-Axis Theorem - 7.7 Angular Momentum of a Rigid Body Rotating about a Fixed Axis - 7.8 Conservation of Angular Momentum of a Rigid Body Rotating About a Fixed Axis - 7.9 Work and Rotational Energy - 7.10 Power - Problems 8 Rolling and Static Equilibrium - 8.1 Rolling Motion - 8.2 Rolling Without Slipping - 8.3 Static Equilibrium - 8.4 The Center of Gravity - Problems 9 Central Force Motion - 9.1 Motion in a Central Force Field * 9.1.1 Properties of a Central Force * 9.1.2 Equations of Motion in a Central Force Field * 9.1.3 Potential Energy of a Central Force * 9.1.4 The Total Energy - 9.2 The Law of Gravity * 9.2.1 The Gravitational Force Between a Particle and a Uniform Spherical Shell * 9.2.2 The Gravitational Force between a Particle and a Uniform Solid Sphere * 9.2.3 Weight and Gravitational Force * 9.2.4 The Gravitational Field - 9.3 Conic Sections * 9.3.1 The Polar Equation of a Conic Section * 9.3.2 Motion in a Gravitational Force Field * 9.3.3 The Gravitational Potential Energy * 9.3.4 Energy in a Gravitational Force Field - 9.4 Kepler's Laws * 9.4.1 Kepler's First Law * 9.4.2 Kepler's Second Law * 9.4.3 Kepler's Third Law - 9.5 Circular Orbits - 9.6 Elliptical Orbits - 9.7 The Escape Speed - Problems 10 Oscillatory Motion - 10.1 Oscillatory Motion - 10.2 Free Vibrations - 10.3 Free Undamped Vibrations * 10.3.1 Mass Attached to a Spring * 10.3.2 Simple Harmonic Motion and Uniform Circular Motion * 10.3.3 Energy of a Simple Harmonic Oscillator * 10.3.4 The Simple Pendulum * 10.3.5 The Physical Pendulum * 10.3.6 The Torsional Pendulum - 10.4 Damped Free Vibrations * 10.4.1 Light Damping (Under-Damped) $(\gamma < 2\omega_n)$ * 10.4.2 Critically Damped Motion $(\gamma = 2\omega_n)$ * 10.4.3 Over Damped Motion (Heavy Damping) $(\gamma > 2\omega_n)$ * 10.4.4 Energy Decay - 10.5 Forced Vibrations - Problems References