In 1986, this satellite provided the highest-resolution civilian view of the Chernobyl exclusion zone available at the time, captured within days of the disaster.
SPOT 1, launched by CNES two months earlier, gave analysts imagery to begin understanding the scale of what had happened, at a moment when a 30 kilometre radius around the plant had been evacuated, 115,000 people displaced, and the ground itself too contaminated to survey on foot.
SPOT 1 was one of the most capable Earth observation satellites of its time, delivering a sharp 10-meter ground resolution in panchromatic mode and 20 meters in multispectral mode. Its two-pass stereoscopic correlation technique produced usable elevation data for large portions of the planet's landmass, a capability that proved essential for reading terrain in a landscape where ground access was not an option.
The story did not end with the disaster. In 1988, SPOT 1's near-infrared sensor captured some of the earliest evidence of recovery, photosynthetic activity returning to the exclusion zone. The SPOT series kept observing the area for years afterward, tracking decontamination work, new construction and reforestation as the region slowly changed.
Nearly 40 years after launch, HEO imaged SPOT 1 in orbit, checking in on the state of the asset. The solar panels remain fully deployed and the satellite appears largely intact. Beyond physical condition, the imagery also offers a read on the object's behaviour, whether it is tumbling, stable, or holding a fixed orientation, information that is critical for space domain awareness on the growing population of aging, non-manoeuvrable objects in orbit.