People regularly ask me why we should invest any resources at all in AI consciousness and welfare research and policy when humans, animals, and the environment already face so many threats. This is a fair question! Here are a few brief thoughts about why I think these priorities can and should coexist.
I strongly believe that we should invest in protecting humans, animals, and the environment much more than we do. At the same time, I think that this commitment is compatible with taking emerging risks seriously, including risks related to AI safety and AI welfare. These issues all concern extremely large-scale risks, and all of them are neglected relative to their importance. We can and should invest more in all of them.
I try to show this in my own work by directing the Center for Environmental and Animal Protection and the Center for Mind, Ethics, and Policy at NYU. This allows me to address topics ranging from agriculture and infrastructure to animal and AI consciousness. Not everyone needs to work on all of these issues, of course. But if I can divide my time across them, surely the global research and policy communities can, too.
These issues are also linked. Caring about animal welfare can benefit humans as well. Phasing down factory farming and the wildlife trade can improve public health and environmental outcomes, and cultivating compassion beyond our species can strengthen compassion within it. Caring about AI welfare can likewise benefit animals, by improving AI alignment and further extending our compassion.
The history of these issues also shows the importance of avoiding zero-sum thinking about priority setting. Part of the reason for our animal welfare and environmental crises is that people once argued that caring about animals was an unacceptable luxury in a world where humans suffer, and that caring about "speculative" future climate risks was an unacceptable luxury in a world with present threats.
People today offer the same kinds of zero-sum arguments for dismissing AI safety and AI welfare. Ironically, our current animal welfare and environmental crises are now among the threats that people cite to justify neglecting these emerging risks. Having seen where this reasoning leads, I want to learn from our mistakes with animal and environmental protection and resist this temptation, rather than repeat it.
If we think about human, animal, environmental, and AI problems together, we can seek co-beneficial solutions where possible and prioritize thoughtfully where necessary. The question then becomes how to allocate resources across these issues, not which one to focus on at the expense of all the others. For anyone interested, I discuss these problems at length in my book The Moral Circle, among other places.
Finally, we need to keep perspective. There are currently tens of people working on AI consciousness and welfare. There could easily be thousands without meaningfully reducing global investment in human, animal, and environmental protection. Concerns about misallocation might arise if the field grew far beyond that, but for now, I think we can safely say that this issue could benefit from further investment.
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Look, I’m with you if we had infinite time and money to think about and fund research into whatever.
But we absolutely don’t.
Everything with AI has almost entirely displaced social and political focus on the climate crisis, for example.
A pointed question: why should we spend any time and money on the issue of AI welfare and consciousness given that we can be certain that actual conscious creatures big and small will be dramatically affected by our ongoing failure to respond to and mitigate dramatically rising global temperatures?
Doesn’t this seem like elite-funded hide the ball, look over here not there machinations, so that we don’t require any of the very hard actions to reduce emissions and develop mitigation technology and strategies? Or improve our political discussions about these climate issues?
I might have thought that you of all people would want our attention to be squarely on those issues.