For the curious about how it works: MC renders through a swappable graphics backend. On Mac that's OpenGL by default, which Apple deprecated years ago, so every call gets translated to Metal under the hood. That translation costs performance. What I did isn't shockingly new: I built a rendering engine that plugs into that backend and talks to Apple's native Metal directly, with no translation layer. On top of that, Sodium's ~2,000 draw calls a frame get collapsed into just a few. Then there's occlusion culling so the GPU skips anything hidden behind terrain it's already drawn. I also learned that Apple GPUs are also tile-based, so each render pass is arranged in a way that keeps its data in fast on-chip tile memory instead of writing it out to RAM and reading it back between passes. This isnt super complex but when you arrange a few core concepts together in a specific way it turns out its pretty performant! I'm actually also in the works for a custom version of sodium from scratch which is showing to be roughly ~30% faster by default.