I have never done leetcode for an interview nor do I have a CS degree but I have a successful career in tech
It turns out the most important thing is boring and obvious: you just have to really care about what you do and work at doing it well
I'm an example of a successful SWE without leetcode. I'm terrible at it. At the same time, it's not true that it doesn't teach you real world skills. I fixed a bug once by interleaving a list backwards, and now I see wiggle sort. IMO, being good at this would have made me better.