When the British entered India, Britain’s GDP was estimated at around $10 billion, while India’s was around $74.3 billion. They arrived as a much smaller economic power and spent centuries ruling and extracting from India.
Between 1875 and 1925, an imperial enterprise systematically slaughtered wildlife for bounties, sport, and forest clearance, killing over 80,000 tigers, 150,000 leopards, 200,000 wolves, 50,000 hyenas, and 2,000 Asiatic lions, along with tens of thousands of elephants and rhinos. The Indian rhinoceros was pushed to fewer than 50 survivors.
Today, India generates roughly $19.1 trillion in GDP at PPP, compared with around $4.7 trillion for the UK.
Protecting our wildlife isn't some extraordinary act of selflessness by a “relatively poor” country. It's simply a country protecting its own natural heritage and fixing the damage left behind by colonial rule.
It is extraordinary that India, still a relatively poor country, can achieve something as selfless as protecting other creatures. We explain how it became remarkably good at animal conservation
economist.com/asia/2026/10/0…