33 years ago, Sokhumi fell.
On 16 September 1993, Abkhaz separatist forces violated the 27 July truce agreement, which had mandated the withdrawal of heavy weaponry, and began the offensive against the heavily underarmed Georgian forces. After 12 days of brutal combat, the city was overrun by separatists, backed by volunteers from North Caucasus and irregular forces from Russia. On 27 September, Abkhaz forces executed the Georgian leaders, who refused to leave, including Zhiuli Shartava and Sokhumi Mayor Guram Gabiskiria.
Thousands of Georgians were killed trying to escape the captured city and the ethnic cleansing that followed. Ships and planes with civilians were shelled. Thousands were forced to flee through the Chuberi mountain pass into Svaneti. Hundreds died due to severe weather conditions and the lack of access to food, medical treatment or any infrastructure.
As a result of the war, between 250,000 and 300,000 people became displaced. More than 15,000 civilians and military personnel were killed in battles and mass executions. Over 2000 persons are classified as missing.