This will blow your mind! A 900-year-old temple pillar from South India is designed to mimic modern engineering machines while also looking surprisingly similar to the complex design of the bacterial flagellar motor, the tiny protein machine found inside many bacteria.
Let's find out what this pillar is all about!
This particular pillar in the image below is one of the four famous stone pillars from the Chennakeshava Temple in Karnataka, India, which is believed to be at least 900-years-old.
These stone pillars and carvings are so precise and complex that they almost look like parts manufactured with modern machines.
These pillars appear as if they were made using modern machining methods such as:
-Lathe turning
-Milling
-Chamfering
-Knurling
-Gear cutting
Archaeologists agree that these pillars appear to have been made using lathe-style machining, while also agreeing that they are around 900 years old.
Parveen Mohan, an ancient technology researcher, explains that four pillars stand in a row. At the top of each pillar is a ring-shaped stone with a different number of sides:
First ring: 8 sides
Second ring: 16 sides
Third ring: 32 sides
Fourth ring: 64 sides
He says this creates a ratio of 1 : 2 : 4 : 8.
He then suggests connecting the four stone "gears" with a chain or belt. Because the gears have different numbers of sides, or what he interprets as teeth, they would rotate at different speeds, similar to the gears on a bicycle.
Archaeologists believe these rings are not carved from a single block of stone. Instead, each ring is a separate stone piece that was assembled together. The rings could rotate. Parveen compares them to gears rather than decorative rings and even suggests they may once have functioned as real rotating gears.
He says the bumps and grooves resemble the teeth used today to stop belts from slipping. Modern machines use timing belts to connect multiple gears and make them rotate together. According to him, the temple demonstrates the same concept.
Parveen also suggests that the pillars were assembled from five separate stone pieces instead of being carved from a single block. Because of this, he believes they functioned more like mechanical devices than ordinary temple supports.
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