The Sultanate of Oman has for the longest time walked on the fence. Tucked between two much bigger powers — Saudi and Iran — Oman befriended everyone, including the U.S. and Israel, and stayed out of almost all conflicts, at least until recently. Netanyahu visited Muscat long before he did Abu Dhabi.
But then the world changed, and so did Oman’s sultan. Now Oman found itself forced to choose, and it chose populism (Palestine and Iran). Even though half the population is Ibadi Muslim (neither Sunni nor Shia), Oman’s mufti started agitating the country in line with regional anti Israel and anti America rhetoric. The sultan did keep tabs on the mufti, but the vibe seems to have resulted in radicalizing the population.
An Omani pilot trying his hand at suicide terrorism to kill 150 Israelis was a demonstration.
The lesson to Arab governments (especially to Egypt, Jordan and Saudi) is that words matter. The government cannot hide behind anti Israel populism to hide its amicable ties with Israel behind closed doors. This causes a schism between government and population and soon, the population is radicalized enough to engage in terror, including against the Arab government itself.
Most Arab governments must have an honest — even if unpopular — conversation with their citizens, explain to them why annihilating Israel is an imaginary plan that stirs their emotions but hurts their interests, and that the best way forward is normalization. Some policies might be unpopular in the short term but prove to be the best choice in the long term and for national interests.