A blockchain consultancy based in Oxford, specialising in developing blockchain solutions, security auditing, training & more.
Oxford, England
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On-chain code doesn’t forgive messy control flow.
academy.extropy.io/pages/cou…
Mutable loops and ignored errors don’t just slow you down, they make state harder to reason about.
This session focuses on Rust’s data-flow model:
iterators, closures, collections, and explicit error handling.
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Most bugs aren’t logic errors. They’re missing types.
If your data model is vague, your code will lie at runtime.
Structs. Enums. Traits. Compile-time truth, not runtime hope.
Module 3 of our free Rust course 🦀Types & Traits, is live: academy.extropy.io/pages/cou…
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Moon Maths is live on Giveth.
giveth.io/project/the-moon-a…
If you’ve ever wanted ZK explained like a map (not a wall of symbols), this is the project: open-source, free, narrative-driven.
If it’s useful to you, consider funding the next chapters: Finite Fields → Groth16.
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Our Rust Session 2 is live: Ownership & Memory Safety.
🦀: academy.extropy.io/pages/cou…
This is the Rust “click” moment, the rules that give you memory safety without a GC:
- ownership
- borrowing
- slices
If Rust has ever felt weird, this is probably why (and how it becomes powerful).
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Audits shouldn’t be “PDF delivered, good luck.”
We work closely with your team through remediation and share resources so you ship stronger. 🤝
✅DM us or request an audit: security.extropy.io
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Chapter 2 is live: Polynomials in the Bay of Rainbows.
🌈 moonmaths.xyz/chapter-2.html
We made it to Sinus Iridum.
A glowing curve on the lunar horizon.
A simple object hiding a lot of power.
A verifier who refuses to be told what to trust.
#zeroknowledge
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$3B lost in 2025 and a lot of it came from the same few failure modes. We wrote up what we keep seeing in audits (Move/Solidity/ZK systems) and what teams should harden first in 2026.
security.extropy.io/articles…
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We’re starting the Moon Math journey around ZKPs.
Chapter 1: Sea of Tranquility, privacy vs verification problem, plus the core rules of ZK.
🌚hackmd.io/@Extropy/MoonAndMa…
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Rust Fundamentals is live on Extropy Academy.
Module 1 is out now. More modules coming soon — including the Rust brain-shift: ownership & borrowing.
academy.extropy.io/pages/cou…
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Module 1 of our Rust for Blockchain Developers course is now live on Extropy Academy. 🦀
✅We start with the essentials: why Rust, core types, immutability, shadowing, control flow, and more:
academy.extropy.io/pages/cou…
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Extropy Academy small update, big usability win: Resources → Explore by Topic. It’s basically the “show me the good stuff” button.
✅academy.extropy.io/pages/res…
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MEV arbitrage in 2025 isn’t “write a bot.”
It’s market design:
- Ethereum sells ordering via sealed-bid block auctions.
- Solana turns it into a latency race with off-chain tips.
- Optimism/Base rewards flooding the sequencer with duplicates.
- Starknet’s ZK + Cairo creates a temporary moat.
We mapped the 4 regimes + what they imply for costs, bot ecology, and who captures the profit.
academy.extropy.io/pages/art…
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Tired of API keys and awkward subscription billing for your AI apps?
Our new developer guide shows how x402 turns HTTP 402 into a real payment rail: one line of middleware, an on-chain pay-per-request flow, and EIP-3009 for gasless micropayments.
✅academy.extropy.io/pages/art…
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“Approve + transferFrom” is one of the worst UX patterns in Web3.
EIP-3009 (“Transfer With Authorisation”) fixes this with gasless, relayer-based transfers that are already live in USDC and ideal for machine-to-machine payments.
We break down how it works and why it matters:
academy.extropy.io/pages/art…
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If you’ve been hearing “Fusaka” recently but haven’t had time to dig in…
this 35s recap is the best way to catch up. 👇
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If your idea of a good holiday is a notebook, a quiet corner, and some serious brainfood…
You’re going to like what we’re dropping before the year is out. 🤔🌚📕
more soon...
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MEV isn’t a side-effect anymore, it is the scaling bottleneck.
In our State of MEV Research Q4 2025 we break down:
• ePBS & the Free Option problem
• The “MEV spam wall” on high-throughput L2s
• TEEs vs Based rollups
• Why block building is now constrained by geography + speed of light
🔗academy.extropy.io/pages/art…
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The zkML Singularity isn’t a metaphor anymore.
In our latest piece, we map the moment where:
– 13B-parameter models can be proven in <15 minutes
– Ethereum L1 blocks can be proven in <12s on consumer GPUs
– zk stacks unbundle into proving markets, verification chains & coprocessors
Read the full analysis of the 2025 zkML convergence 👇
academy.extropy.io/pages/art…
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The problem with most “AI auditors”?
They verify code, but don’t understand intent.
Our new article explains how we’re using AI agents + a real-time Knowledge Graph of adversarial behavior to scale human intuition instead of replacing it.
security.extropy.io/articles…
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Why isn’t your “plug-and-play” arbitrage bot printing money?
In today’s MEV battlefield, public bots are just easy prey -- slow, predictable, and front-runnable.
We break down why off-the-shelf bots lose, and what professional searchers do differently 👇
academy.extropy.io/pages/art…
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Love seeing high-quality Ethereum education stay open and accessible.
Mastering Ethereum (2nd ed.) is available for free on GitHub – a full book on the protocol, EVM, and smart contracts:
github.com/ethereumbook/ethe…
Huge thanks to everyone who keeps resources like this alive for the community.
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Most tools can tell you if the code is correct.
Very few can tell you if the idea is exploitable.
In our new article we break down how human auditors use economic modelling, composability analysis, and temporal logic to find the bugs AI and scanners will miss.
Read “Beyond the Code” 👉
security.extropy.io/articles…
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Most “blockchain games” still use the chain as an asset ledger, not a game engine.
Mina flips that model:
– restore fog of war with ZK proofs
– prove entire game sessions, not single moves
– keep complex logic off-chain but verifiable
we broke down why @MinaProtocol is such a strong fit for ZK-native games 👇
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Manual tools find patterns. Humans find assumptions.
We just published a deep-dive on 3 subtle, high-impact Solidity bugs that slipped past automated checks and how manual, adversarial review caught them.
If “the tests pass” feels safe, read this:
hackmd.io/@Extropy/3SubtleBu…
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From the Extropy archives…2018,
Zero Knowledge Developer Workshop Hackathon. @Zcash cryptographers on stage walking us through how it all actually works.
As @extropyLaurence put it: “I was in awe.”
Still are, to be honest.
@ZcashFoundation
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Ready to go deeper? Take the free course: Essential Maths for Zero Knowledge Proofs (from modular arithmetic to elliptic curves). Builder/auditor friendly—no advanced background needed.
academy.extropy.io/pages/cou…
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Short on time? Watch our 1.5-hour live session: Master Essential Maths for Zero Knowledge Proofs with @extropyLaurence. Core concepts, real protocol context.
piped.video/G38G2sfZwB0?si=ciRQ…
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This function calculates the value of expired LP positions.
One quiet assumption creates a real bug. 🐛
What’s the assumption, how does it break correctness, and how would you fix it? 🧐
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Audits aren’t stamps. They’re systems.
2024–2025 made it painfully clear: losses are power-law, and one missed commit can be a protocol-ending event.
In our new article, we unpack:
• Why security decays the moment you merge new code
• What Euler and the BNB Bridge actually teach about scope and dependencies
• Where AI helps (pattern discovery) vs. where humans must lead (business logic & economics)
☑️Read it here: hackmd.io/@Extropy/auditWarn
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ZK ≠ unhackable.
Under-constrained circuits, overflow bugs, broken privacy, learn how Zero Knowledge systems fail (and how to secure them).
Free 45-min workshop by @extropyLaurence at Extropy Academy: academy.extropy.io/pages/wor…
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Building in Web3?
Your smart contracts deserve more than a checkbox audit, they need thoughtful protection.
Rigorous reviews. Developer-ready reports.
Confidence built on real security.
security.extropy.io
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The best builders never stop learning.
Get ahead in Web3 security and learn ZK with hands-on workshops and courses from the Extropy team.
academy.extropy.io
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Weekend looking quiet?
Make it productive.
ZK, MEV, LUKSO, MINA, AI workshops and courses 📚 all at academy.extropy.io
#extropyacademy #zk #ai
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MEV is one of the most misunderstood layers in blockchain, but it defines how value really moves through Ethereum and beyond.
Our new #MEV course breaks down real examples, strategies, and defense mechanisms built by auditors, for builders.
🔗 Learn at academy.extropy.io
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Everyone’s talking about agentic systems. The real challenge is building them well.
Our AI Agents for Web3 course is made for developers who already see where this is going and want to get hands-on with the frameworks shaping it:
🧠 Google A2A/ADK, Eliza, LangGraph, CrewAI
🧩 Persistent memory & coordination systems
🔒 Real-world guardrails for on-chain agents
If you’re ready to move from experimenting to deploying production-ready agents, this is the jump you’ve been waiting for.
academy.extropy.io/pages/cou…
#AI #aiagents #web3
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Zero-knowledge technology is redefining trust.
But even the most elegant proof system can hide critical security risks.
academy.extropy.io/pages/cou…
That’s why we built Cairo Security Unlocked: a free, 9-module course that teaches @CairoLang Security on @Starknet :
🔹 How ZK systems can fail and how to secure them
🔹 How Cairo’s design impacts audit strategy
🔹 Real-world vulnerabilities found in production code
It’s the foundation for anyone serious about ZK security.
#extropyaudits #ZK #ZeroKnowledge
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Don’t sleep on our free courses 👀
ZK math doesn’t have to be scary, especially when @extropyLaurence is the one breaking it down.
Learn the foundations behind #zkSNARKs & #zkSTARKs, no advanced math required.
🎓 Essential Maths for Zero Knowledge Proofs — free now at academy.extropy.io
#ExtropyAcademy #ZK
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Thanks for voting! Verdict: More #ZK.
#MEV came second—which is handy, because we’ve already shipped
🟥Advanced MEV: Navigating the Dark Forest → academy.extropy.io/pages/cou…
#ExtropyAcademy
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Efficiency, decentralization, fairness… you can’t have it all. So how did #Ethereum deal with #MEV? 🤔
✅ more here: academy.extropy.io/pages/cou…
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Learning #MEV isn’t just for searchers.
👉 academy.extropy.io
It’s for builders who want to protect their protocols. 🔰
The same strategies that extract billions can also exploit your contracts. 🌳🌳
#extropyacademy
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Most people think #MEV = “sandwiches & arb.”
But real MEV is an ecosystem: relays, builders, private order flow, risk management.
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What’s #MEV really about? 🤨 Start here.
Learn the theory, the strategies, and how to build in it.
👉 academy.extropy.io
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Why We Built Extropy Academy
We used to hold live #Web3 security, MEV, ZK courses on weekends.
They were great, but limited.
Only once a month, sometimes less. Only so much time. Only so many people could join.
So we built something better:
#ExtropyAcademy 🧵 1/12
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Most people don't fully understand #MEV
In reality, it’s an entire ecosystem shaping who wins and loses onchain.
Today we’re launching a new course:
🎓 Advanced MEV: Navigating the Dark Forest
academy.extropy.io
🧵 Here’s what you’ll learn:
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#DeFi is powerful, but it also comes with new risks.
One of the most common?
🥪The sandwich attack.
📖Learn how these attacks happen and what protocols and users can do about them:
extropy-io.medium.com/an-ove…
#MEV
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To @lukso_io devs still pushing boundaries 👨💻👩💻
We’ve added our #LUKSO smart contract security workshop to our new Academy site, this workshop is focused on LSP development, is up and free to access.
academy.extropy.io
#LSP #SmartContractSecurity
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Some MEV bots made $1.8M in seconds.
Others lost $25M just as fast.
Gas wars. Bribes. Bugs.
It’s not just code, it’s combat.
Full breakdown of the wins and the wipeouts 👇
#MEV #blockchain
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