Hi-Lex Corporation (7279, ~US$600m market cap) is an interesting activist case study.
Three activist / engagement firms have been engaged with the company in recent times - Lim Advisors, Japan Catalyst (Monex), and most recently Zennor.
The company historically had a strong position in auto control cables with high global market shares (mechanical cables for auto transmissions, popping your trunk, pulling on the park brake).
This business is rapidly dying as everything goes electric.
The company has pivoted into the equivalent electrics, but it does not have the same market positions, it is up against stronger competitors such as Aisin, and as a result this business has not generated much in the way of profitability.
The market cap is basically covered by the net cash and listed equity holdings on the balance sheet, in companies such as Honda Motor and Asahi Intecc.
Theoretically, the company does not have to listen to the activists. The shareholder register is 43-45% controlled by the founding family and other aligned shareholders.
This is an unassailable voting bloc.
That said, perhaps in response to public activist pressure - or perhaps due to business realities, the company has in recent times sold half its Asahi Intecc stake, and has announced it will focus more on profitability - including restructuring its factory footprint.
This is a messy situation. Obviously cheap, uncertain business prospects, an entrenched management that can only be influenced - not pushed.
From the management's perspective, they need to pivot to continue as a going concern, and this requires investment.
From shareholders' perspective, why waste another dollar of investment on a business that does not, and may not ever realise an economic return, when your own stock trades at 0.4x book?
Such a valuation implies that any $1 invested, immediately loses 60% of its value.
For me, this situation is too hard.
We like plenty of liquid assets, which Hi-Lex has in droves - as well as a cheap valuation relative to book equity and on adjusted EV / EBITDA.
But, we also want positive and stable cash flows, low risk of business disruption, and a shareholder register composition that means management cannot ignore outside shareholders.
What do you think - would you buy this stock?
After all, it is trading for only around the value of the cash and investment securities on its balance sheet!