Evhen Konovalets is a very intresting figure in Ukrainian ‘canon.’ An undeniable nationalist, in many ways a strongman, but who didn’t really wanted to strive for power or participate in political intrigue.
During the revolution he led Sich Riflemen detachment, was fully loyal to the Republic and his soldiers. Withered and opposed all the coups and far-right attempts to destroy the Republic. For that he was highly respected amongst socialists and even communists, while still obviously he criticized socialists as unorganized mess without discipline, and socialists criticized him for bourgeois nationalism and his one-note approaches.
In his memoirs Konovalets criticized socialists’ indecision to act against monarchist forces. He describes how their unit were ready to kill Pavlo Skoropadskyi, ‘hetman,’ before Germans overthrew Republican government and established puppet-monarchy. He writes that if they killed Skoropadskyi, Germans would be too disorganized and forced to deal with Republican government, as they did in Georgia, keeping Ukraine stronger and not letting Russian-German reactionaries in.
I’d hardly call Konovalets republican. He was nationalist in a non-republican sense (but certainly not in anti-republican sense). He was a military men first and most.
He was a leading figure in later anti-monarchist uprising that established Directory of Ukraine. When his detachment decided that they support council socialism as a vision for Ukrainian independent state, and wrote a resolution, Konovalets signed and supported it.
After defeat of the Revolution and Polish occupation, he organizes veteran movement, which engages in partisan-like actions against occupational authorities. He established communication with Weimar Germany and envisioned veteran movement as something that would form an army. He was inspired by Irish Republican Army as a model.
The organization he led was authoritarian through and through in the sense that military is authoritarian. However Konovalets leadership was treated as benelovent. When the veteran organization joined forces with fascist students, they formed OUN. Moderates were banded behind Konovalets and later Andriy Melnyk, while younger fire-headed youth found a new cult figure in Bandera.
Banderites wanted to sideline Konovalets as they thought of him as ‘liberal’ and ‘soft.’ While Konovalets argued against trend of the youth to idealize ‘strength’ and ‘voluntarism’ of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. He argued against fascism as he treated as manipulative, and was anti-Nazi. Borys Levitskyi, Ukrainian leftist, described that on one of the OUN meetings Konovalets tried to persuade organization that ‘Germans if ever hear what are you speaking here about will kill all of you’
Russians killed him, and OUN went into disarray. The far-right separated, but surprisingly, due to being radical dumb students, OUN(b) become the force which fought nazis, while the moderates who left tried to negotiate and compromise.
Ukrainian government wants him to be reburied. Im against reburials like that, it is a stupid practice. That post exists to inform about what is going on. Konovalets is idealized amongst the ukrainian nazi/far-right youth, however he is the opposite of them.