John McKenzie is on the Pennsylvania State Memorial at Gettysburg.
The National Park Service name index for that monument lists him as Private John McKenzie, 23rd Pennsylvania Infantry, Company E. The same search also turns up two other McKenzies on the bronze tablets: Hugh McKenzie, private, 39th Pennsylvania Infantry (10th Pennsylvania Reserves), Company E, and A. B. McKenzie, corporal, 140th Pennsylvania Infantry, Company F. The spelling “Mackenzie” does not appear.
The Pennsylvania Memorial, on Cemetery Ridge, is the large state monument with bronze tablets naming the roughly 34,500 Pennsylvania soldiers recorded as present at the battle. An asterisk next to a name marks those killed or mortally wounded; John McKenzie’s entry has no asterisk in the park index.
The 23rd Pennsylvania fought on the Union right, on Culp’s Hill, on the morning of July 3. That spot is circled on the battle map.
The fishhook is the Union line. North is at the top. The town of Gettysburg sits inside the bend. Cemetery Hill is the hinge. Cemetery Ridge runs south toward Little Round Top and Big Round Top. Culp’s Hill is the eastern barb, just southeast of town, beside the Baltimore Pike. Confederate lines face it from the north and west, with Johnson’s division of Ewell’s corps pressing the hill from the east.
John McKenzie’s regiment was not on that hill for the July 2 night fight. The 23rd Pennsylvania, Birney’s Zouaves, belonged to Brig. Gen. Alexander Shaler’s brigade, Third Division, VI Corps, under Maj. Gen. John Sedgwick. The corps finished a long march and stood mostly in reserve on July 2. On the morning of July 3, Shaler’s brigade was sent to reinforce the XII Corps on Culp’s Hill. The 23rd went in on the lower slope, supporting Maj. Gen. John W. Geary’s division, and its monument now stands on Slocum Avenue. The fight there ended about noon, before Pickett’s Charge crossed the open ground farther south.
Union commanders, north to south along that line: Meade commanded the Army of the Potomac. Reynolds opened the fight west of town on July 1 and was killed; Newton later led the I Corps. Howard’s XI Corps held Cemetery Hill. Slocum’s XII Corps, with Geary’s division, held Culp’s Hill. Hancock’s II Corps held Cemetery Ridge. Sickles pushed the III Corps out to the Peach Orchard on July 2. Sykes’s V Corps held Little Round Top. Sedgwick’s VI Corps, including the 23rd, was the reserve that fed men onto the hill on July 3. Pleasonton commanded the cavalry.
Confederate commanders: Lee commanded the Army of Northern Virginia. Ewell’s II Corps came in from the north; Johnson’s division made the attacks on Culp’s Hill. A.P. Hill’s III Corps faced the Union center from Seminary Ridge. Longstreet’s I Corps struck the Union left on July 2 and sent Pickett, Pettigrew, and Trimble across the fields on July 3. Stuart’s cavalry was largely off this map, to the east.
The 23rd Pennsylvania monument stands on Slocum Avenue at Gettysburg, on the lower slope of Culp’s Hill. A Zouave soldier tops the shaft. The base reads “23rd PA. Vols.,” “Birney’s Zouaves,” and “First Brigade, Third Division, Sixth Corps.”
The statue was added in 1888, when the monument was moved and rededicated. The figure is in the regiment’s Zouave uniform, the same kit Private John McKenzie’s company wore. It was modeled on Medal of Honor recipient William J. Wray, with the head taken from Corporal Matthew Spence.
Pennsylvania State Memorial on Cemetery Ridge, the largest monument on the Gettysburg battlefield. It was dedicated in 1910 and finished in 1914. The bronze figure on the dome is the Goddess of Victory and Peace. Bronze statues of Lincoln, Governor Curtin, and Pennsylvania generals stand in the arches.