Historically the primary axis of Brazilian politics has been the upper class voting right and the working class voting left.
This is still true, but for the 2nd election in a row Brazil has mirrored the global education polarization trend of working class voters trending right
Mirroring trends seen elsewhere in the world, Lula gained the most ground relative to Hadad on Sunday in richer, whiter parts of the country.
Bolsonaro did worse in most of the country but still managed to outperformed his 2018 vote in the poorest and least white neighborhoods.