🧠🫀 When cardiology forgets to ask “why”: a timely wake-up call
This 2025 Open Heart viewpoint by Francesco Tona is not an attack on modern cardiology—but a deeply reasoned warning about what we risk losing amid unprecedented technological power .
⚙️ The paradox
Cardiology has never been more capable. We replace valves percutaneously, map anatomy in exquisite detail, and deploy AI to predict risk. Yet, the author argues, capability is increasingly replacing curiosity. Decisions are often driven by what can be done, not whether it should be done.
🧠 From “why” to “can”
Historically, cardiology advanced through physiologic questions and clinical reasoning. Today, the sequence is reversed:
- A device appears
- Anatomy fits
- The procedure proceeds
- Reflection, appropriateness, and patient-centred benefit too often come after execution—if at all.
🩺 When feasibility replaces judgement
Tona highlights a subtle but dangerous shift:
- Anatomical suitability eclipses clinical appropriateness
- Procedural success is mistaken for patient benefit
- Futility becomes “well-executed” rather than questioned
This is not failure of skill—but failure of restraint.
💼 The silent drivers
Industry influence, guideline structures, and training environments normalize interventionist reflexes. Research increasingly validates existing technologies using surrogate endpoints, while negative or null results fade into obscurity.
🤖 AI: help or shortcut?
AI can augment care—but risks outsourcing thinking. When clinicians validate algorithmic outputs instead of interrogating them, clinical reasoning atrophies. Precision without purpose is not progress.
🔮 The real message
This is not anti-innovation. It’s a call to reclaim the “why”:
Teach restraint as a clinical skill
Design guidelines around meaningful patient benefit
Prioritize outcomes that matter to patients, not systems
🧭 Bottom line
When cardiology stops asking why, it doesn’t become more efficient—it becomes less human.
Technology should serve judgement, not replace it.