My statement for last night’s debate at The Exeter Union in support of the motion ‘This House would separate Art from the Artist’. Sadly the proponents,
@DeniseFahmy and myself, did not win, and at one point the debate seemed to be turning into a ritualistic denunciation of
@jk_rowling , who I was keen to defend specifically in terms of political statements (I don’t know the work and treat it separately). But glad to have given this.
‘Shakespeare is a useful case because the lack of biographical evidence is almost a blessing. We have no diaries explaining Hamlet, no interviews about King Lear. Shapiro shows that reading the plays biographically is historically contingent: it emerged in the late eighteenth century with Edmond Malone, who assumed that Shakespeare could write convincingly only about what he had lived, not what he had read, heard, borrowed or imagined. The Romantics took this further, and gaps in Shakespeare’s known experience could become evidence against his authorship. Shapiro says this diminishes what makes Shakespeare exceptional: his imagination.
Shakespeare did not have to be a king to create Lear, murder anyone to create Macbeth, or be a young woman to create Rosalind. Anthony Hopkins playing Hannibal Lecter is not confessing to an appetite for human brains. We see the absurdity with actors, yet criticism makes subtler versions of the same mistake with characters or personae.
Collaboration makes the biographical model harder still. Whose inner life is The Godfather — Francis Ford Coppola’s, Mario Puzo’s, Marlon Brando’s or Nino Rota’s? A Beatles record involves not merely Lennon or McCartney, but the other Beatles, George Martin, engineers and inherited musical traditions. Sometimes ‘What does this work reveal about the artist?’ first has to answer ‘which artist?’ Reject a collaborative work because of one contributor, and you reject the others’ work as well.
These examples point to something much larger. Art is not simply evidence left behind by a person. It allows human beings to escape the confines of what they already are. The Greek root of poiesis means making. Artists take inherited materials - language, genres, tonal systems, myths, images, conventions - and make something new.’
ianpace.substack.com/p/my-st…