The Difference Between Marxism and Neo-Marxism:
Marxism is the ideology of dialectical materialism. It holds that society is divided into haves and have-nots, the bourgeoisie (capitalists) and the proletariat (workers), and that the workers will rise up, overthrow capitalism, and create a communist utopia.
Neo-Marxism is the ideology of dialectical identitarianism. It holds that society is split into oppressor and oppressed groups based on identity (such as race, culture, religion, gender, and sexuality). It argues that the oppressed groups should rise up, dismantle Western power structures, and create a world emancipated from Western oppression.
Both ideologies share the same values and goals:
1.) The complete replacement of individualism with collectivism.
2.) The abolition of equality of opportunity and equality under the law in favor of state-enforced equality of outcome (equity, in order to achieve total social or economic equality).
3.) Target of capture:
Marxism seizes the means of production (factories, capital, businesses).
Neo-Marxism seizes the means of cultural reproduction (schools, universities, churches, the civil service, and the media).
4.) Preferred means of transformation:
Marxism: revolution and seizure of state power.
Neo-Marxism: institutional capture, cultural hegemony, and soft power (education, media, bureaucracy, law).
5.) View of conflict:
Marxism: class conflict is the motor of history and will eventually be resolved.
Neo-Marxism: identity-based conflict is permanent and must be continuously managed through institutional power.